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1. Apa perbedaan software proses dan software produk?
Software Process merupakan sekumpulan aktivitas, metode, praktek, dan berbagai transformasi yang digunakan oleh sekumpulan manusia di dalamnya untuk membangun dan memelihara piranti lunak serta hal-hal yang berkaitan dengannya, misalnya project plan, dokumen desain, code, testing, cases, dan user manual.
Software Process memiliki atribut dan karakteristik seperti :
1. Understandability, yaitu sejauh mana proses secara eksplisit ditentukan dan bagaimana kemudahan definisi proses itu dimengerti.
2. Visibility, apakah aktivitas-aktivitas proses mencapai titik akhir dalam hasil yang jelas sehingga kemajuan dari proses tersebut dapat terlihat nyata/jelas
3. Supportability, yaitu sejauh mana aktivitas proses dapat didukung oleh CASE
4. Acceptability, apakah proses yang telah ditentukan oleh insinyur dapat diterima dan digunakan dan mampu bertanggung jawab selama pembuatan produk perangkat lunak
5. Reliability, apakah proses didesain sedikian rupa sehingga kesalahan proses dapat dihindari sebelum terjadi kesalahan pada produk.
6. Robustness, dapatkah proses terus berjalan walaupun terjadi masalah yang tak diduga
7. Maintainability, dapatkah proses berkembang untuk mengikuti kebutuhan atau perbaikan
8. Rapidity, bagaimana kecepatan proses pengiriman sistem dapat secara lengkap memenuhi spesifikasi.
Software Process Model antara lain : Waterfall Model, Evolutionary Software Process Model (Incremental Model dan Spiral Model), Rapid Application Development, Prothotyping Model, Component Based Develompment Model, Component Based Software Engineering, dan Extreme Programming XP Model.
Sumber :
a. http://mojora.wordpress.com/2006/09/25/pemodelan-dalam-rekayasa-perangkat-lunak/
b. http://lecturer.ukdw.ac.id/othie/bhn2.pdf
2. Bagaimana caranya menilai sebuah software?
Salah satu cara menilai kualitas sebuah produk piranti lunak yaitu dengan melihat sejauh mana penerapan Capability Maturity Model for Software (CMM-SW) pada organisasi piranti lunak yang bersangkutan. Semakin tinggi level penerapan CMM-SW-nya, maka dipastikan akan semakin baik kualitas produksinya.
CMM-SW adalah sebuah metode untuk mengevaluasi dan mengukur tingkat kematangan (maturity) dari proses rekayasa piranti lunak. CMM-SW menyediakan pedoman kepada pengembang piranti lunak tentang bagaimana untuk meningkatkan kontrol terhadap proses mereka dalam membangun dan memelihara piranti lunak, dan tentang bagaimana untuk mengembangkan lebih jauh sebuah kultur rekayasa piranti lunak dan majemen yang baik. CMM-SW didesain sebagai pedoman pengembang piranti lunak dalam memilih strategi peningkatan proses, dengan mengukur kematangan proses yang sedang berjalan dan mengidentifikasi beberapa isu yang paling kritikal sehubungan dengan kualitas piranti lunak dan peningkatan proses.
Dalam pelaksanaan teknisnya, CMM-SW terdiri dari 5 level dilihat dari tingkat kematangan Software Process. Kelima level tersebut terdiri dari Initial (level 1), Repeatable (level 2), Defined (level 3), Managed (level 4), dan Optimizing (level 5).
CMM-SW berorientasi kepada peningkatan proses pada setiap levelnya. Karena pembangunan dan pemeliharaan piranti lunak sangat bergantung kepada prosesnya. Semakin baik prosesnya, maka akan semakin baik pula kualitas outputnya.
Sumber : http://www.hdn.or.id/index.php/artikel/2006/01/06/p40
3. Di dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak ada fase perawatan perangkat lunak, apa yang dilakukan dalam perawatan perangkat lunak?
Yang dilakukan dalam perawatan perangkat lunak adalah dengan melakukan :
a. Perawatan Sistem sesuai dengan SOP yang perlu diikuti oleh tim yang akan menangani sistem setiap harinya. Hal ini juga meliputi pelatihan staf serta perekrutan atau penambahan sistem komputer jika dibutuhkan.
4. Ambil sebuah case study pengembangan perangkat lunak, bagaimana menetapkan harga perangkat lunak?
Menetapkan harga perangkat lunak dapat diketahui dalam membuat Spesifikasi Kebutuhan (Requirement) dengan membuat Spesifikasi Biaya yang dibutuhkan. Salah satunya dengan membuat WBS.
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